Palabras clave
Cadera
Intra capsular
Extra capsular
Osteosíntesis
Prótesis. (DeSc).
Cómo citar
Resumen
Las fracturas de cadera son motivo de consulta frecuente en nuestras clínicas y hospitales en pacientes mayores de 60 años. Este tipo de lesiones se producen generalmente ante traumas por caída de baja altura, la mayoría de las veces por caídas en su domicilio. Se han descrito una gran cantidad de factores predisponentes presente en ese grupo etario y dentro de ellos la osteoporosis juega un papel protagónico. Diversas clasificaciones han sido descritas dependiendo de la localización del trazo de fractura, sin embargo, el limite anatómico de la capsula articular del fémur proximal es determinante y permite clasificarlas como intra capsulares y extra capsulares. En la práctica ortopédica actual el tratamiento médico de estas lesiones no tiene indicación, salvo en situaciones muy excepcionales en las cuales la cirugía implica riesgo inminente de muerte en razón a patologías asociadas y es el tratamiento quirúrgico el que ofrece los mejores resultados. La resolución quirúrgica de las fracturas de cadera implica la utilización de una variedad de implantes cuya elección está sujeta a una serie de factores que dependen no solo del tipo de fractura sino situaciones inherentes a cada paciente en particular. El objetivo de esta revisión es buscar consenso en cuanto al tipo de implante a utilizar en las fracturas de cadera dependiendo de diversos factores y dentro de ellos la ubicación del trazo de fractura. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 2, 181 - 189)Citas
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