Palabras clave
religiosidad
adolescentes
estudiantes
estudios transversales
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: varios estudios informan asociación significativa entre religiosidad y síntomas depresivos en adolescentes; sin embargo, otras investigaciones no. Hasta la fecha, esta relación no se ha investigado en estudiantes adolescentes que viven en el país violento y de bajos ingresos, como Colombia. Objetivo: establecer la correlación entre religiosidad y síntomas depresivos en estudiantes de Cartagena, Colombia. Método: Se diseñó un estudio transversal se llevó a cabo con la participación de adolescentes en edades comprendidas entre 13 y 17 años. Los estudiantes completaron dos escalas: la forma de cinco ítems de la escala de Francis de actitud hacia el cristianismo (Francis-5) que preguntó acerca de Dios, Jesús y la oración (las puntuaciones más altas indican mayor religiosidad), y el Índice de Bienestar General de la OMS (WHO-5) que indaga síntomas depresivos en las últimas dos semanas (las puntuaciones más bajas indican síntomas depresivos mayores). Se aceptó como una correlación de Pearson significativa (rho, r) un coeficiente superior a 0,20. Resultados: un total de 1.730 estudiantes respondieron el cuestionario. La media para la edad fue 14,7 (DE = 1,2). Por sexo, 912 (52,7%) estudiantes eran niñas, y 818 (47,3%), niños. Francis-5 mostró una alta consistencia interna, coeficiente alfa de 0,909, y el coeficiente omega de 0,910. WHO-5 presentó un coeficiente alfa de 0,757, y el omega de 0,759. Las puntuaciones para Francis-5 se observaron entre cero y veinte (media = 18,2, SD = 3,0, mediana = 20, moda = 20); y la WHO-5, entre cero y quince años (media = 10,2; SD = 3,1, mediana = 10; moda = 10). La religiosidad no tuvo correlación significativa con los síntomas de depresión (r = 0,080). Conclusiones: la religiosidad no se asocia a síntomas depresivos en estudiantes adolescentes en Cartagena, Colombia.Citas
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