Keywords
Dentin
Odontogenesis
Physiopathology
How to Cite
Abstract
The odontoblasts are post-mitotic cells of mesenchymal origin arranged in the form of a palisade in the periphery of the dental pulp and responsible for the formation of the dentin. The odontoblasts are derived from the neural crest and their differentiation is the consequence of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between the cells of the dental papilla and the internal dental epithelium. This work aims to review the physiological and pathological aspects of odontoblasts, including their origin, mechanisms of differentiation and functional properties. An electronic literature search was conducted from 2000 to February 2018, selecting 2889 articles, of which 52 articles were analyzed and discussed. The results show the origin, stages and factors related to odontoblastic differentiation, together with the main aspects of the structural organization and functions performed by odontoblasts. This review demonstrates through current scientific evidence that the studies concerning odontoblasts focus on understanding the mechanisms in the formation of reparative dentin, the immune response and its role in the processes of inflammation and pain. Future work should clarify the different signals involved in the cellular and molecular pathophysiological processes carried out by the odontoblasts.References
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