Keywords
mesophotic corals
marine protected area
bioindicators
Colombian Caribbean
How to Cite
Abstract
The mesophotic coral reefs are part of the conservation object of the Corales de Profundidad Natural National Park (PNNCPR). A fundamental step for managing a protected area is the characterization of its specific richness, and benthic foraminifera is one of the essential taxonomic groups in reef environments. To our knowledge there are not published research about this topic in the PNNCPR, so it was necessary to study the genera of benthic foraminifera of the upper and middle mesophotic zones and explore a possible relationship of its composition in relation to its geographic and bathymetric ranges, as well as environmental changes. The results allowed us to conclude that a subsample of 50 individuals with shells in good condition taken from ten samples of 50 g was enough to estimate the composition of genera present in the study zone. The found genera richness was 53, from which Amphistegina, Quinqueloculina, and Triloculina were the most frequent. There were not significant differences found between the composition of benthic foraminifera genera between the upper (34-60 m) and middle (61-90 m) depth. The assemblage of benthic foraminifera in the Bajo Calamarí sector differs significantly from that found in the Bajo Frijol locality. The analysis of the similarity of samples using classification and ordination allowed us the identification of three groups in relation with the sampling site, time of year, and year of collection. The group of heterotrophs foraminifera (Quinqueloculina, Triloculina, Cibicides, Discorbis, Rosalina, Poroeponides, Textularia) was the most frequent, followed by symbiont (Amphistegina) and opportunistic foraminifera (Elphidium). The results obtained allow us to suggest that mesophotic benthic foraminifera have the potential to be bioindicators for the PNNCPR monitoring program.References
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