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- 2021-12-30 (2)
- 2021-09-03 (1)
Keywords
harmful algal blooms
precipitation
copepods
zooplankton
How to Cite
Abstract
Among the zooplankton, copepods are one of the main consumers of phytoplankton and, as such, these organisms are potential consumers of the dinoflagellate species that produce toxins. In this sense, the relationship between harmful algal blooms (HAB) on the copepods were studied in the eastern area of the Gulf of Cariaco, Venezuela. Monthly samples were collected from June 2009 to May 2010, in 9 stations distributed in three areas. Zooplankton was collected by a standard 333 µm plankton mesh, whereas phytoplankton were collected by water bottle (250 mL). Temperature (ºC), salinity (UPS), dissolved oxygen (mL.L-1), phytoplankton abundance (cel.mL-1), chlorophyll a concentration (mg.m-3) and inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate) were measured. Salinity, dissolved oxygen, phosphate and silicate concentrations were significantly different according to the multifactorial model of two factors: sampling period and geographic zones with two and three levels, respectively. The highest concentrations of Chl- a (ND - 26.49 mg.m-3) and phytoplankton abundance (37 – 1.247cel.mL-1) were reported during the rainy season (junio-julio 2009). The zooplankton community was dominated by copepods (78 % relative abundance), with total abundance varying between 2 - 4543 ind.m-3 and did not show temporal or spatial differences. During the study, a single algal bloom was observed during the rainy period, dominated by Prorocentrum mexicanum and G. catenatum. A positive correlation was observed between the maximum abundance of Acartia tonsa and Temora turbinata with the highest presence of toxic dinoflagellates. The richness of copepods was relatively low, due to the dominance of more than 90 % of A. tonsa and T. turbinata. It is suggested that A. tonsa is able to ingest these dinoflagellates and use them without suffering apparent deleterious effects.References
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