Effect of ethanol extract seed Annona muricata (Soursop) for control of mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus

Abstract

Under strict laboratory conditions, the effect and susceptibility of using ethanol extract from the seeds of Annona muricata (Soursop) on mosquitoes type Culex quinquefasciatus, in its four larval stages, was evaluated. The following bioassays were performed which consisted of applying concentrations of the extract in (100ppm, 250 ppm and 500 ppm concentrations), with three replicates per concentration and control of each instar. 100 % lethality was demonstrated in Stage 1 at the 24 hour mark, with the three concentrations evaluated. In Stage 2, 100 % lethality was achieved with a concentration of 500 ppm at the 12 hour mark. The same lethality was achieved with concentrations of 100 and 250 ppm at the 24 hour mark. In stage 3 lethality was 96 % with a concentration of 100 ppm at the 72 hour mark, and 100 % with concentrations of 250 and 500 ppm at 48 and 12 hours respectively. In Stage 4, there was a 100 % lethality at the 24 hour mark with a concentration of 500 ppm. The other 2 concentrations resulted in a lethality of 92 % at the 72 hour mark which was the end of the evaluated monitoring time. This study confirmed that the seeds of A. muricata (Soursop), has a high percentage of effectiveness as a bio-pesticide in concentrations of (100 ppm, 250 ppm and 500 ppm) in any stage of larval development of the C. quinquefasciatus mosquito. This allows for a naturally viable, economical and environmentally friendly alternative for controlling this species.